Seams are longitudinal voids opening radially from the bar section in a very straight line without the presence of deformed material adjacent. They are most frequently encountered of all imperfections/ defects due to so many possible causes.
Compressive Stress is important in the forging, stamping, coining, and cold heading industries as compression stress is used to change the shape of the product, unlike machining, where the shape is made by subtracting material by some means of stock removal. When steel’s compressive strength is exceeded, the steel will fail in a brittle fashion, and it will shear, usually at a 30 to 45 degree angle.